Anne Spurkland

Borowicz P, Sundvold V, Chan H, Abrahamsen G, Kjelstrup K, Nyman TA, Spurkland A: Tyr192 regulates lymphocyte-specific tyrosine kinase activity in T cells. J. Immunol. 207:1128-1137, doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001105, 2021.

Borowicz P, Chan H, Hauge A, Spurkland A. Adaptor proteins: Flexible and dynamic modulators of immune cell signalling. Scand J Immunol.  Nov;92(5):e12951. doi: 10.1111/sji.12951, 2020.

Andersen TCB, Kristiansen PE, Huszenicza Z, Johansson MU, Gopalakrishnan RP, Boyken S, Sundvold-Gjerstad V, Granum S, Sørli M, Backe PH, Fulton DB, Karlsson BG, Andreotti AH, Spurkland A: The SH3 domains of Itk and Lck compete for adjacent sites on T cell-specific adapter protein. J Biol Chem. 294 (42), 15480-15494, doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.008318, 2019.

Gordon EJ, Fukuhara D, Weström S, Padhan N, Sjöström EO, van Meeteren L, He L, Orsenigo F, Dejana E4, Bentley K, Spurkland A, Claesson-Welsh L:The endothelial adaptor molecule TSAd is required for VEGF-induced angiogenic sprouting through junctional c-Src activation. Sci. Signal. Jul 19;9(437):ra72, doi: 10.1126/scisignal.aad9256, 2016.

Granum S, Sundvold-Gjerstad V, Abrahamsen G, Berge T, Koll L, Sørlie M, Spurkland A. Itk and the adapter TSAd co-operate to promote phosphorylation dependent altered specificity of Lck. Science Signaling, 7:p. ra118, doi: 10.1126/scisignal.2005384, 2014.

• Borowicz, Pawel; Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Chan, Hanna; Gopalakrishnan, Ramakrishna Prabhu; Peters, Timo & Platzer, René [Vis alle 20 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Intrinsically disordered insert from SH2D2A rewires CD19 CAR signaling via Tyr290 | bioRxiv. bioRxiv. ISSN 2692-8205. doi: 10.64898/2026.02.03.703491. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

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• Huszenicza, Zsuzsa; Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Koll, Lise; Kjelstrup, Hanna; Chan, Hanna & Sundvold, Vibeke [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Interaction of T-cell-specific adapter protein with Src- and Tec-family kinases. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 99(5). doi: 10.1111/sji.13358. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Adapter proteins are flexible and dynamic modulators of cellular signalling that are important for immune cell function. One of these, the T-cell-specific adapter protein (TSAd), interacts with the non-receptor tyrosine kinases Src and Lck of the Src family kinases (SFKs) and Itk of the Tec family kinases (TFKs). Three tyrosine residues in the TSAd C-terminus are phosphorylated by Lck and serve as docking sites for the Src homology 2 (SH2) domains of Src and Lck. The TSAd proline-rich region (PRR) binds to the Src homology 3 (SH3) domains found in Lck, Src and Itk. Despite known interactors, the role TSAd plays in cellular signalling remains largely unknown. TSAd's ability to bind both SFKs and TFKs may point to its function as a general scaffold for both kinase families. Using GST-pulldown as well as peptide array experiments, we found that both the SH2 and SH3 domains of the SFKs Fyn and Hck, as well as the TFKs Tec and Txk, interact with TSAd. This contrasts with Itk, which interacts with TSAd only through its SH3 domain. Although our analysis showed that TSAd is both co-expressed and may interact with Fyn, we were unable to co-precipitate Fyn with TSAd from Jurkat cells, as detected by Western blotting and affinity purification mass spectrometry. This may suggest that TSAd-Fyn interaction in intact cells may be limited by other factors, such as the subcellular localization of the two molecules or the co-expression of competing binding partners.

• Mehlum, Camilla Sivesind; Mahmood, Hanan; Ellingsen, Kristoffer Glenne; Øyen, Ole Morten; Leergaard, Trygve B. & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Self-reported anatomy skills among Norwegian physicians - Need for improved postgraduate teaching provision. European Journal of Anatomy (EJA). ISSN 1136-4890. 26(4), s. 465–476. doi: 10.52083/GQLP6804. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Anatomy skills are considered essential in all aspects of medical practice, and more so now than before with increasing use of diagnostic imaging techniques and advanced surgery. In conjunction with the revision of the medical study curriculum at the University of Oslo in 2014, we investigated Norwegian physicians’ assessment of their own anatomy knowledge and the educational provision of anatomical skills during and after specialization. A total of 902 Norwegian physicians divided into the specialties of general medicine, internal medicine, surgery, neurology and radiology responded to an anonymous survey. As many as 73% of the physicians had at some time point experienced insufficient anatomy knowledge in their own practice, most commonly among surgeons and neurologists. The respondents expressed a need for supplementary educational provision in anatomy during and after specialization, and 36% were unfamiliar with such offers. Notably, dissection courses seemed unavailable during specialization. Our findings demonstrate a requirement for an improved supply of anatomy education during and after specialization. Anatomy courses that combine dissection, radiological images and clinical application would seem desirable.

• Sollid, Ludvig Magne; Lundin, Knut Erik Aslaksen; Leivestad, Torbjørn; Spurkland, Anne & Vartdal, Frode (2021). Erik Thorsby (1938-2021). Immunogenetics. ISSN 0093-7711. 73(3), s. 203–205. doi: 10.1007/s00251-021-01218-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2021). Når blir mutant til variant? Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 141(15), s. 1–4. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.21.0492. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Eriksson, Anna Maria; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Abrahamsen, Greger; Gjerstad, Vibeke Sundvold; Isom, Martine Mesel & Keshari, Pankaj [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Exploring the role of the multiple sclerosis susceptibility gene CLEC16A in T cells. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 94(1). doi: 10.1111/sji.13050. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  C-type lectin-like domain family 16 member A (CLEC16A) is associated with autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), but its functional relevance is not completely understood. CLEC16A is expressed in several immune cells, where it affects autophagic processes and receptor expression. Recently, we reported that the risk genotype of an MS-associated single nucleotide polymorphism in CLEC16A intron 19 is associated with higher expression of CLEC16A in CD4+ T cells. Here, we show that CLEC16A expression is induced in CD4+ T cells upon T cell activation. By the use of imaging flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, we demonstrate that CLEC16A is located in Rab4a-positive recycling endosomes in Jurkat TAg T cells. CLEC16A knock-down in Jurkat cells resulted in lower cell surface expression of the T cell receptor, however, this did not have a major impact on T cell activation response in vitro in Jurkat nor in human, primary CD4+ T cells.

• Borowicz, Pawel; Gjerstad, Vibeke Sundvold; Chan, Hanna; Abrahamsen, Greger; Kjelstrup, Hanna & Nyman, Tuula Anneli [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Tyr192 Regulates Lymphocyte-Specific Tyrosine Kinase Activity in T Cells. Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0022-1767. 207(4), s. 1128–1137. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001105. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  TCR signaling critically depends on the tyrosine kinase Lck (lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase). Two phosphotyrosines, the activating pTyr394 and the inhibitory pTyr505, control Lck activity. Recently, pTyr192 in the Lck SH2 domain emerged as a third regulator. How pTyr192 may affect Lck function remains unclear. In this study, we explored the role of Lck Tyr192 using CRISPR/Cas9-targeted knock-in mutations in the human Jurkat T cell line. Our data reveal that both Lck pTyr394 and pTyr505 are controlled by Lck Tyr192. Lck with a nonphosphorylated SH2 domain (Lck Phe192) displayed hyperactivity, possibly by promoting Lck Tyr394 transphosphorylation. Lck Glu192 mimicking stable Lck pTyr192 was inhibited by Tyr505 hyperphosphorylation. To overcome this effect, we further mutated Tyr505. The resulting Lck Glu192/Phe505 displayed strongly increased amounts of pTyr394 both in resting and activated T cells. Our results suggest that a fundamental role of Lck pTyr192 may be to protect Lck pTyr394 and/or pTyr505 to maintain a pool of already active Lck in resting T cells. This provides an additional mechanism for fine-tuning of Lck as well as T cell activity.

• Habtamu, M.; Abrahamsen, Greger; Aseffa, Abraham; Andargie, E.; Ayalew, S. & Abebe, Markos [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). High-throughput analysis of T cell–monocyte interaction in human tuberculosis. Clinical and Experimental Immunology. ISSN 0009-9104. 201(2), s. 187–199. doi: 10.1111/cei.13447. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The lack of efficient tools for identifying immunological correlates of tuberculosis (TB) protection or risk of disease progression impedes the development of improved control strategies. To more clearly understand the host response in TB, we recently established an imaging flow cytometer‐based in‐vitro assay, which assesses multiple aspects of T cell–monocyte interaction. Here, we extended our previous work and characterized communication between T cells and monocytes using clinical samples from individuals with different TB infection status and healthy controls from a TB endemic setting. To identify T cell–monocyte conjugates, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated with ds‐Red‐expressing Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette–Guérin or 6‐kDa early secreted antigenic target (ESAT 6) peptides for 6 h, and analyzed by imaging flow cytometer (IFC). We then enumerated T cell–monocyte conjugates using polarization of T cell receptor (TCR) and F‐actin as markers for synapse formation, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) nuclear translocation in the T cells. We observed a reduced frequency of T cell–monocyte conjugates in cells from patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (pTB) compared to latent TB‐infected (LTBI) and healthy controls. When we monitored NF‐κB nuclear translocation in T cells interacting with monocytes, the proportion of responding cells was significantly higher in active pTB compared with LTBI and controls. Overall, these data underscore the need to consider multiple immunological parameters against TB, where IFC could be a valuable tool.

• Borowicz, Pawel; Chan, Hanna; Hauge, Anette & Spurkland, Anne (2020). Adaptor proteins: Flexible and dynamic modulators of immune cell signalling. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 92(6). doi: 10.1111/sji.12951. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  To maintain homeostasis, all cells respond to environmental cues via a multitude of surface receptors. In order to act appropriately in their environment, cells are dependent on the transduction of the incoming signal through tightly regulated and interconnected signalling pathways to the cell nucleus. In particular, cells implicated in the immune system greatly depend on such systems to respond in a flexible and dynamic manner to environmental challenges. One major group of intracellular proteins that are involved in these signalling pathways are adaptor proteins. Although adaptor proteins are essential for normal immune cell operation, the functional role of this group of signalling proteins remains to be fully appreciated. So far, research on adaptor proteins has revealed their unique potential in building transient complexes in a reversible, dynamic and inducible manner. In this review, we explore the roles of adaptor proteins – in space and time of intracellular signalling – and their associations with human disease. Examples of adaptor proteins expressed in hematopoietic cells highlight their crucial role in the immune system. Lastly, we present challenges faced in elucidating roles of adaptor proteins, as illustrated by the T cell–specific adaptor (TSAd) protein encoded by the SH2D2A gene.

• Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Baranzini, Sergio E.; Santaniello, Adam; Shoostari, Parisa; Cotsapas, Chris & Wong, Garrett [Vis alle 154 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Multiple sclerosis genomic map implicates peripheral immune cells and microglia in susceptibility. Science. ISSN 0036-8075. 365:eaav7188(6460), s. 1–12. doi: 10.1126/science.aav7188. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  We analyzed genetic data of 47,429 multiple sclerosis (MS) and 68,374 control subjects and established a reference map of the genetic architecture of MS that includes 200 autosomal susceptibility variants outside the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), one chromosome X variant, and 32 variants within the extended MHC. We used an ensemble of methods to prioritize 551 putative susceptibility genes that implicate multiple innate and adaptive pathways distributed across the cellular components of the immune system. Using expression profiles from purified human microglia, we observed enrichment for MS genes in these brain-resident immune cells, suggesting that these may have a role in targeting an autoimmune process to the central nervous system, although MS is most likely initially triggered by perturbation of peripheral immune responses

• Borowicz, Pawel; Chan, Hanna; Medina, Daniel Talmo; Gumpelmair, Simon; Kjelstrup, Hanna & Spurkland, Anne (2019). A simple and efficient workflow for generation of knock-in mutations in Jurkat T cells using CRISPR/Cas9. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. doi: 10.1111/sji.12862. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful gene‐editing tool allowing for specific gene manipulation at targeted sites in the genome. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated gene editing to introduce single amino acid mutations into proteins involved in T cell receptor signalling pathways. Knock‐in mutations were introduced in Jurkat T cells by homologous directed repair using single‐stranded oligodeoxynucleotides. Specifically, we aimed to create targeted mutations at two loci within LCK, a constitutively expressed gene, and at three loci within SH2D2A, whose expression is induced upon T cell activation. Here, we present a simple workflow that can be applied by any laboratory equipped for cell culture work, utilizing basic flow cytometry, Western blotting and PCR techniques. Our data reveal that gene editing may be locus‐dependent and can vary between target sites, also within a gene. In our two targeted genes, on average 2% of the clones harboured homozygous mutations as assessed by allele‐specific PCR and subsequent sequencing. We highlight the importance of decreasing the clonal heterogeneity and developing robust screening methods to accurately select for correct knock‐in mutations. Our workflow may be employed in other immune cell lines and acts as a useful approach for decoding functional mechanisms of proteins of interest.

• Andersen, Thorny Cesilie Bie; Kristiansen, Per Eugen; Huszenicza, Zsuzsa; Johansson, Maria U.; Gopalakrishnan, Ramakrishna Prabhu & Kjelstrup, Hanna [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). The SH3 domains of the protein kinases ITK and LCK compete for adjacent sites on T cell-specific adapter protein. Journal of Biological Chemistry. ISSN 0021-9258. 294(42), s. 15480–15494. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.008318. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  T-cell activation requires stimulation of specific intracellular signaling pathways in which protein-tyrosine kinases, phosphatases, and adapter proteins interact to transmit signals from the T-cell receptor to the nucleus. Interactions of LCK proto-oncogene, SRC family tyrosine kinase (LCK), and the IL-2–inducible T cell kinase (ITK) with the T cell-specific adapter protein (TSAD) promotes LCK-mediated phosphorylation and thereby ITK activation. Both ITK and LCK interact with TSAD's proline-rich region (PRR) through their Src homology 3 (SH3) domains. Whereas LCK may also interact with TSAD through its SH2 domain, ITK interacts with TSAD only through its SH3 domain. To begin to understand on a molecular level how the LCK SH3 and ITK SH3 domains interact with TSAD in human HEK293T cells, here we combined biochemical analyses with NMR spectroscopy. We found that the ITK and LCK SH3 domains potentially have adjacent and overlapping binding sites within the TSAD PRR amino acids (aa) 239–274. Pulldown experiments and NMR spectroscopy revealed that both domains may bind to TSAD aa 239–256 and aa 257–274. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments further revealed that both domains may also bind simultaneously to TSAD aa 242–268. Accordingly, NMR spectroscopy indicated that the SH3 domains may compete for these two adjacent binding sites. We propose that once the associations of ITK and LCK with TSAD promote the ITK and LCK interaction, the interactions among TSAD, ITK, and LCK are dynamically altered by ITK phosphorylation status.

• Abrahamsen, Greger; Gjerstad, Vibeke Sundvold; Mekonnen, Meseret; Bogen, Bjarne & Spurkland, Anne (2018). Polarity of CD4+ T cells towards the antigen presenting cell is regulated by the Lck adapter TSAd. Scientific Reports. 8:13319, s. 1–13. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31510-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Polarization of T cells towards the antigen presenting cell (APC) is critically important for appropriate activation and differentiation of the naïve T cell. Here we used imaging flow cytometry (IFC) and show that the activation induced Lck and Itk adapter T cell specific adapter protein (TSAd), encoded by SH2D2A, modulates polarization of T cells towards the APC. Upon exposure to APC presenting the cognate antigen Id, Sh2d2a−/− CD4+ T cells expressing Id-specific transgenic T cell receptor (TCR), displayed impaired polarization of F-actin and TCR to the immunological synapse (IS). Sh2d2a−/− T-cells that did polarize F-actin and TCR still displayed impaired polarization of PKCξ, PAR3 and the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC). In vitro differentiation of activated Sh2d2a−/− T cells was skewed towards an effector memory (Tem) rather than a central memory (Tcm) phenotype. A similar trend was observed for Id-specific TCR Sh2d2a−/− T cells stimulated with APC and cognate antigen. Taken together our data suggest that TSAd modulates differentiation of experienced T cells possibly through polarization of CD4+ T cells towards the APC.

• Mekonnen, Meseret Habtamu; Abebe, Markos; Aseffa, Abraham; Dyrhol-Riise, Anne Ma; Spurkland, Anne & Abrahamsen, Greger (2018). In vitro analysis of antigen induced T cell-monocyte conjugates by imaging flow cytometry. Journal of Immunological Methods (JIM). ISSN 0022-1759. 460, s. 93–100. doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2018.06.014. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  There is a lack of suitable correlates of immune protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. T cells and monocytes play key roles in host immunity against Mtb. Thus, a method that allows assessing their interaction would contribute to the understanding of immune regulation in tuberculosis (TB). We have established imaging flow cytometer (IFC) based in vitro assay for the analysis of early events in T cell-monocyte interaction, upstream of cytokine production and T cell proliferation. This was achieved through short term stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy Norwegian blood donors with Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG). In our assay, we examined the kinetics of BCG uptake by monocytes using fluorescently labeled BCG and T cell-monocyte interaction based on synapse formation (CD3/TCR polarization). Our results showed that BCG stimulation induced a gradual increase in the proportion of conjugated T cells displaying NF-κB translocation to the nucleus in a time dependent manner, with the highest frequency observed at 6 h. We subsequently tested PBMC from a small cohort of active TB patients (n = 7) and observed a similar BCG induced NF-κB translocation in T cells conjugated with monocytes. The method allowed for simultaneous evaluation of T cell-monocyte conjugates and T cell activation as measured by NF-κB translocation, following short-term challenge of human PBMC with BCG. Whether this novel approach could serve as a diagnostic or prognostic marker needs to be investigated using a wide array of Mtb specific antigens in a larger cohort of patients with different TB infection status.

• Mitrovic, Mitja; Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Beecham, Ashley H.; Dankowski, Theresa; Goris, An & Dubois, Benedicte [Vis alle 52 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Low-Frequency and Rare-Coding Variation Contributes to Multiple Sclerosis Risk. Cell. ISSN 0092-8674. 175(6), s. 1679–1687. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.09.049. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Multiple sclerosis is a complex neurological disease, with ∼20% of risk heritability attributable to common genetic variants, including >230 identified by genome-wide association studies. Multiple strands of evidence suggest that much of the remaining heritability is also due to additive effects of common variants rather than epistasis between these variants or mutations exclusive to individual families. Here, we show in 68,379 cases and controls that up to 5% of this heritability is explained by low-frequency variation in gene coding sequence. We identify four novel genes driving MS risk independently of common-variant signals, highlighting key pathogenic roles for regulatory T cell homeostasis and regulation, IFNγ biology, and NFκB signaling. As low-frequency variants do not show substantial linkage disequilibrium with other variants, and as coding variants are more interpretable and experimentally tractable than non-coding variation, our discoveries constitute a rich resource for dissecting the pathobiology of MS.

• Hem, Cecilie Anne Dahl; Ekornhol, Marianne; Granum, Stine; Gjerstad, Vibeke Sundvold & Spurkland, Anne (2017). CD6 and Linker of Activated T Cells are Potential Interaction Partners for T Cell-Specific Adaptor Protein. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 85(2), s. 104–112. doi: 10.1111/sji.12513. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

Se alle arbeider i NVA

• Sletbakk, Marianne; Marthinsen, Kirsten; Hessen, Dag Olav; Håpnes, Arnodd; Eskeland, Ragnhild & Spurkland, Anne (2021). Bios 1 Biologi 1 (LK20). Cappelen Damm AS. ISBN 9788202696566. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2021). Frisk nok! Håndbok i immunforsvar. Spartacus. ISBN 9788243013766. 216 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Schiøtz, Aina; Nylander, Gro; Lie, Anne Kveim; Fors, Egil Andreas; Skårderud, Finn & Godøy, Bjørn [Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Blod og Bein.Lidelse, lindring og behandling i norsk medisinhistorie. Nasjonalbiblioteket. ISBN 9788279653868. 223 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2017). Immun. Kroppens evige kamp for å overleve. Spartacus. ISBN 9788243008304. 416 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

Se alle arbeider i NVA

• Spurkland, Anne (2026). TCR signaling and Multiple Sclerosis risk. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chan, Hanna; Borowicz, Pawel; Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Stensland, Maria; Garcia-Loza, Ivan & Phuyal, Santosh [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). The TSAd-DOK2 axis regulates CD8+ T cell effector function. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borowicz, Pawel; Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Chan, Hanna; Gopalakrishnan, Ramakrishna Prabhu; Peters, Timo & Platzer, Rene [Vis alle 20 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Instrinsically disordered insert from SH2D2A rewires CD19 CAR signaling via Tyr290. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kingsrød, Marie Golimo; Nielsen, Adrian; Grødeland, Gunnveig; Spurkland, Anne; Aavitsland, Preben & Bratlie, Sigrid [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). – Kan bli tidenes største skandale. [Journal]. VG. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borowicz, Pawel; King, Carolyn G; Dustin, Michael L; Wherry, E John; Koretzky, Gary A & Spurkland, Anne (2024). The future of immunology: a Lofoten perspective. Immunology and Cell Biology. ISSN 0818-9641. 102(9), s. 760–765. doi: 10.1111/imcb.12805. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ingebrigtsen, Julia Renate; Valeur, Jørgen; Zinöcker, Marit; Spurkland, Anne & Østvik, Ann Elisabeth (2024). Eksperter: Dette kan du gjøre for å unngå kronisk inflammasjon. [Journal]. VG. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Wilthil, Jan-Erik; Klein, Joern; Spurkland, Anne & Grødeland, Gunnveig (2024). Ekspertene svarer: Bør unge ta koronavaksinen? [Internet]. NRK. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Visser, Johan Georg; Borowicz, Pawel; Chan, Hanna; Hauge, Anette; Kjelstrup, Hanna & Gilmour, Brian Christopher [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Enhanced analysis of cancer signalling using Lck SH2 domain superbinder. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2024). Talking to the public about signaling. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chan, Hanna; Borowicz, Pawel; Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Stensland, Maria; Loza, Ivan Garcia & Phuyal, Santosh [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Identification of novel interactors of T cell Specific Adaptor protein TSAd - An adaptor molecule with elusive function. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borowicz, Pawel; Peters, Timothy J.; Platzer, Rene; Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Seigner, Jacqueline & Darwich, Manal el [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Chimeric antigen receptors with Lck-adaptors' sequences. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Visser, Johan Georg; Köhn-Luque, Alvaro; Lossius, Andreas & Spurkland, Anne (2024). SH2D2A Is an Indicator of Favourable Prognosis in Bladder Cancer and Is Enriched in Activated Treg Cells. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chan, Hanna; Borowicz, Pawel; Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Stensland, Maria; Loza, Ivan Garcia & Phuyal, Santosh [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Identification of novel interactors of T cell specific adaptor protein TSAd - an adaptor molecule with elusive function. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2024). Have a cake and eat it too: the importance of metaphors in research communication. 24, s. 695–696. doi: 10.1038/s41577-024-01085-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Visser, Johan Georg; Borowicz, Pawel; Chan, Hanna; Hauge, Anette; Kjelstrup, Hanna & Spurkland, Anne (2023). Lck-SH2 domain superbinder for characterization of phosphotyrosine signaling in T-cell receptor pathway. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chan, Hanna; Berge, Tone; Grønningsæter, Ingrid Helene; Abbedissen, Ivan; Arnesen, Henriette & Birkeland, Signe [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Challenges of phenotype reproducibility in animal models: investigating the phenotype of TSAd knockout mice. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2023). Immunology outreach - research dissemination during the pandemic. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borowicz, Pawel; Peters, Timo; Platzer, Rene; Seigner, Jacqueline; Darwich, Manal el & Kjelstrup, Hanna [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Chimeric antigen receptors with Lck-adaptors' sequences. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Pongcharoen, Sutatip; Spurkland, Anne & Baldari, Cosima T. (2023). Editorial: Community series in adaptor molecules in T cell signaling, volume II. Frontiers in Immunology. 14. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1243039. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Cox, Rebecca Jane; Tøndel, Camilla; Spurkland, Anne & Grødeland, Gunnveig (2023). Bør alle norske barn vaksineres mot vannkopper? [Internet]. Forskning.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Chan, Hanna; Borowicz, Pawel; Phuyal, Santosh; Lossius, Andreas & Spurkland, Anne (2023). β2, or not β2? Connecting the Lck-adaptor TSAd to integrin β2 via a combined wet lab & bioinformatic approach. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stranden, Anne Lise; Grødeland, Gunnveig & Spurkland, Anne (2023). Norsk forsker om nobelprisvinner: – Hun har måttet kjempe for anerkjennelse både for seg selv og for dette forskningstemaet. [Journal]. Forskning.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ramezanifarkhani, Toktam & Spurkland, Anne (2023). Dissemination The Spring Seminar 2023 is a joint event hosted by the Kristiana University College and Women Researchers in Informatics. Time and place: Feb. 16, 2023 3:15 PM – 5:00 PM, Høyskolen Kristiania, Kirkegata 24-26, Ernst Hage. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Mekonnen, Meseret Habtamu; Miheret, Adane & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Editorial: Host immune evasion by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Current updates. Frontiers in Immunology. 13. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1102415. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nijjer, Harpreet Kaur & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Corona-mutant skaper bekymring i flere land. [Journal]. VG. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fidjestad, Lena Rustan; Spurkland, Anne & Grødeland, Gunnveig (2022). Tror ikke viruset vil påvirke oss slik det gjør i dag. [Journal]. VG+. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Johnsen, Juni Hordvin; Øksnes, Simen Grimstad & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Oppløftende omikron-funn: – Gode nyheter. [Internet]. TV.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2022). GJEST Spurkland om apekopper. [TV]. NRK Nyhetsmorgen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gullikstad, Åsne & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Navn i nyhetene: – Som å skru av en bryter. [Journal]. Dagsavisen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Birkeland, Malene; Andersen, Elise Rønnevig; Spurkland, Anne; Søraas, Arne & Bukholm, Geir (2022). Ny studie om re­infeksjoner: Norsk ekspert kaller funnene bekymringsfulle. [Journal]. VG+. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tveito, Marit & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Formidling, forskning og frie kaker. [Journal]. Tidsskrift for den norske legeforeningen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nyfløt, Hilda; Spurkland, Anne & Gjøen, Tor (2022). Smittsomt marburgvirus tar livet av to personer i Ghana. [Internet]. NRK.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Johnsen, Jesper Hommefoss & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Pause frå pandemien Trass i gjenopning er vi ikkje kvitt koronaviruset. Immunolog Anne Spurkland meiner vi veit altfor lite om følgjene av ein infeksjon. [Journal]. Dag & Tid. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kristensen, Mette; Spurkland, Anne & Revheim-Rafaelsen, Mathias (2022). Ekspertene sliter med å finne ut hvorfor apekoppene sprer seg. [Internet]. NRK.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Andreassen, Tor Arne; Frigessi, Arnoldo & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Omikron vil neppe smitte alle. Men en eller annen variant, vil nesten alle bli smittet av. [Journal]. Aftenposten. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Flem, Sofie Svanes; Spurkland, Anne & Flo, Trude Helen (2022). Norsk Facebook-post om korona gikk viralt – men påstanden er feil. [Internet]. Faktisk.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stoksvik, Marte & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Fra krav til råd om isolasjon: − Helt klart ikke noe vanntett opplegg. [Journal]. VG. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fausko, Line & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Immunolog om ny vaksine: − Ser ut som det beste vi har så langt. [Journal]. VG. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Dommerud, Tine & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Det var kanskje ikke så dumt med den forkjølelsen ... [Journal]. Aftenposten. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne; Mamelund, Svenn-Erik & Innerland, Cato (2022). Dårlig politikk for neste pandemi. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2022). Ekko NRK: Sommerferien og korona. [Radio]. NRK. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chan, Hanna; Borowicz, Pawel; Kjelstrup, Hanna; Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Loza, Ivan Garcia & Stensland, Maria [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Novel interaction partners of the SH2 domain in T cell specific adaptor protein (TSAd). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2022). Nytt på nytt. [TV]. Nrk. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borowicz, Pawel; Gopalakrishnan, Ramakrishna Prabhu; Chan, Hanna; Granum, Stine; Abrahamsen, Greger & Foss, Stian [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). How to investigate the function of a single amino acid? Using the example of a conserved pTyr motif in the unstructured C-terminus of TSAd. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Chan, Hanna; Borowicz, Pawel; Georg, Visser Johan; Lossius, Andreas & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Applying bioinformatics to pick-apart elusive protein functions: Focusing on TSAd/SH2D2A, an immune kinase adaptor. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Øyen, Ole Morten; Spurkland, Anne & Leergaard, Trygve B. (2022). Bedre etterutdanning i anatomi for norske klinikere. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 142(11). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.22.0350. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne & Walgermo, Alf kjetil (2022). Anne Spurkland: – Det er immunforsvaret som vinn til slutt. Ikkje koronaviruset. [Journal]. Vårt Land. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Wernersen, Camilla; Grødeland, Gunnveig; Nakstad, Espen Rostrup & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Nytt koronavirus oppdaget i flaggermus. [Internet]. NRK. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Grødeland, Gunnveig; Fossum, Even & Spurkland, Anne (2022). Vitaminer, kosthold og immunsystemet. [Radio]. Vaksinepodden. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Haugen, Vilde; Spurkland, Anne; Grødeland, Gunnveig & Nakstad, Espen Rostrup (2022). Coronapillen snart i Norge: - Stor fordel for enkelte. [Journal]. VG : Verdens gang. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Chan, Hanna; Borowicz, Pawel; Kjelstrup, Hanna & Spurkland, Anne (2021). Application of bioinformatics to outstanding questions in immunology: TSAd (T cell adapter protein). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Jahre, Marianne & Spurkland, Anne (2021). To fag som kan bety krise når de ikke fungerer. [Radio]. UiO Podkast. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Jarmund, Anders Hagen; Spurkland, Anne; Egge, Julie Haugen & Pettersen, Jørgen (2021). Nytt funn ved NTNU: Slik kan mors immunsystem avsløre sykdom i svangerskapet. [Internet]. NRK.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vartdal, Ragnhild & Spurkland, Anne (2021). PANDEMIKOMMUNIKASJON: Openheit om usikkerheit i pandemien er ein suksess, hevdar professorar: — Folk har verkeleg sett verdien av forskarar. [Internet]. Khrono.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Westin, Steinar & Spurkland, Anne (2021). Et kjempeviktig tiltak mot smitte. Professorer advarer mot å kaste munnbindet. [Journal]. VG : Verdens gang. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stenvik, Bår & Spurkland, Anne (2021). – Rollen min for studentene er å gjøre et inntrykk de ikke glemmer resten av livet. Det er noe helt annet enn når jeg er på NRK. [Journal]. Forskerforum.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2020). Immunforsvar i koronaens tid. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Solvang, Fredrik & Spurkland, Anne (2020). Debatten 07.04.2020: Delvis gjenåpning av samfunnet. [TV]. NRK. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Solvang, Fredrik & Spurkland, Anne (2020). Debatten 10.09.2020: Hvem får vaksinen først? [TV]. Nrk. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2020). Covid-19 pandemien, status og perspektiver fremover. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Einevoll, Gaute & Spurkland, Anne (2020). Om coronaviruset. En oppdatering – med Anne Spurkland #21. [Internet]. Vett og Viten. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Einevoll, Gaute & Spurkland, Anne (2020). Om koronaviruset – Med Anne Spurkland #14. [Internet]. Vett og Viten. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2020). Covid-19-sykdommen i pandemien. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Time, Jon Kåre & Spurkland, Anne (2020). Cellekameraten. Portrett av T-cellen. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Todal, Per Anders & Spurkland, Anne (2020). Har tru på langvarig vern etter koronainfeksjon. [Journal]. Dag og Tid. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2020). Immunitet i koronaens tid. Harvest : Mennesket & naturen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2020). Jeg lengter tilbake til flokk­immuniteten. Harvest : Mennesket & naturen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2020). Professor og immunolog: - Jeg vil ikke ha Covid-19. Harvest : Mennesket & naturen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borowicz, Pawel; Gopalakrishnan, Ramakrishna Prabhu; Chan, Hanna; Kjelstrup, Hanna; Foss, Stian & Souza, Gustavo Antonio De [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). A conserved pTyr motif in the unstructured C-terminus regulates the function of the T cell specific adaptor TSAd. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borowicz, Pawel; Sundvold-Gjerstad, Vibeke; Chan, Hanna; Abrahamsen, Greger; Kjelstrup, Hanna & Medina, Daniel [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Tyr192 in the Lck SH2 domain affects the regulation of Lck activity. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borowicz, Pawel; Sundvold-Gjerstad, Vibeke; Abrahamsen, Greger; Kjelstrup, Hanna; Nyman, Tuula Anneli & Spurkland, Anne (2018). Lck’s interactome is influenced by phosphorylation of Tyr192 in the Lck SH2 domain. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spurkland, Anne (2018). Den døde kroppen. Syn og Segn. ISSN 0039-7717. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Når vi døyr, byrjar også forrotninga av kroppen. Bakteriane som et oss, er i sin tur mat for meir avanserte skapningar. Slik blir den døde kroppen ein del av ein naturleg syklus.

• Borowicz, Pawel; Sundvold-Gjerstad, Vibeke; Abrahamsen, Greger; Kjelstrup, Hanna; Nyman, Tuula Anneli & Spurkland, Anne (2018). Lck’s interactome is influenced by phosphorylation of Tyr192 in the Lck SH2 domain. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borowicz, Pawel; Sundvold-Gjerstad, Vibeke; Abrahamsen, Greger; Kjelstrup, Hanna; Nyman, Tuula Anneli & Spurkland, Anne (2018). Lck’s interactome is influenced by phosphorylation of Tyr192 in the Lck SH2 domain. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sundbye, Bodil; Hauge, Siri Helene; Spurkland, Anne; Blomberg, Bjørn & Ørmen, Torfinn (2018). Epidemiene som truer verden. [Journal]. Verdens Gang. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borowicz, Pawel; Gopalakrishnan, Ramakrishna Prabhu; Souza, Gustavo Antonio De; Abrahamsen, Greger; Sundvold-Gjerstad, Vibeke & Spurkland, Anne (2017). The interactome of TSAd phosphopeptides in T cells. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Spurkland, Anne; Dissen, Erik & Phuyal, Santosh (2024). β2, or not β2: that is the question. Expanding the SH2D2A-interactome to adhesion & β-integrins using a combined bioinformatic & wet-lab approach. Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 9788234804847. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  While the functions of many genes are known, others remain unexplored. Adaptor proteins, an under-studied group, lack enzymatic activity but are crucial in forming and modulating signalling complexes. These proteins are difficult to study because their knockout often does not produce a clear phenotype—an “anchor” which can then be used for further study—making further exploration challenging. Adaptor proteins are especially important in immune cells, which rely on complex signalling pathways. SH2D2A (TSAd) is one such adaptor protein that is highly expressed in immune cells. Its exact function is unclear, though it interacts with key kinases like LCK, ITK, and SRC. This study aimed to expand the known interactome of SH2D2A to better understand its role. Initial experiments suggested SH2D2A might interact with the SRC family kinase FYN, but this could not be confirmed under physiological conditions. Further analysis of bulk RNA-seq data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) revealed that higher SH2D2A expression in tumours correlates with better prognosis in bladder urothelial cancer (BLCA), an effect associated with FOXP3+ IL2RAhi T regulatory (Treg) cells, which are the main expressors of SH2D2A in the BLCA bladder. This bioinformatic approach could help uncover functions of other immune-related adaptor proteins.

• Chan, Hanna & Spurkland, Anne (2024). TSAd as a target for therapy : TSAd-SH2 domain interactions in T cells. Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 9788234803307. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  T cells play a crucial role in the immune system to combat infectious diseases and have been exploited for use in immunotherapies. Responding to incoming signals from their extracellular milieu, T cell activity is regulated by intracellular signalling pathways. These signalling networks, in which adaptor proteins bridge protein-protein interactions, ensure that T cells respond in an appropriate and sufficient manner. In this thesis, we characterised the interactome and explored the functional role of adaptor protein TSAd, which has been implicated in T cell intracellular signalling. Using affinity-purification mass spectrometry and biochemical methods, we identify two novel ligands of TSAd, namely DOK2 and PTPN11 and their interaction sites. Moreover, the phenotype of TSAd-deficient mice was revisited and discrepancies of the data in the field was addressed. Overall, our findings provide further insight into adaptor molecule biology, which may aid in future development of immunotherapies and elucidating mechanisms of T cell driven pathologies.

• Holden, Steinar; Dunlop, Oona Borghild; Vik, Styrk Fjærtoft; Hjort, Ingrid; Markussen, Simen & Melberg, Hans Olav [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Holden-IV (covid-19) Hovedrapport: Samfunnsøkonomiske vurderinger av smitteverntiltak. Helse- og omsorgsdepartementet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borowicz, Pawel & Spurkland, Anne (2020). Regulation of T cell activation by two conserved phosphotyrosines in Lck and its adapter protein TSAd. Universitetet i Oslo. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  T cells are major players in the immune system. These cells can recognize dangerous antigens through their specific receptors. Harnessing the power of T cells would be beneficial for not only fighting numerous infectious diseases, but also for treating cancer or preventing autoimmune diseases. However, the intracellular signalling involved in the T-cell receptor (TCR) pathway is remarkably complex. It is necessary to understand it more fully in order to control the T cells behaviour. We focused on two proteins involved in TCR signalling. First, lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (Lck) starts a phosphorylation cascade downstream of TCR stimulation. Lck itself is tightly controlled by the phosphorylation of two tyrosines: Tyr394 and Tyr505. Recently a third tyrosine, Tyr192, emerged as an important regulatory site. Second, T cell specific adaptor protein (TSAd) is best known for its interaction with Lck. Its main function is to facilitate binding between other proteins. TSAd itself contains a number of phosphotyrosines. One of the most interesting is Tyr290, as it is highly conserved, but it is not predicted to be a prototypic binding site. The aim of this thesis was to understand the function of two phosphotyrosines, Tyr192 in Lck and Tyr290 in TSAd, in order to better comprehend the intracellular signalling of the TCR. The study was based on the knock-in cell lines generated with CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. The mutated cell lines were studied using a wide spectrum of molecular biology techniques, including mass spectrometry, western blotting, immunoprecipitation and flow cytometry. Our findings revealed that Lck Tyr192 could control and stabilize Lck activity, both positively and negatively. TSAd Tyr290 could also control the protein’s activity. Our results suggest that this tyrosine most likely facilitates the proteins conformation. We have shown that both phosphotyrosines could influence the whole TCR signalling pathway.

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